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Hereafter we provide full details about the procedures and the data collected for the study and extended the analysis on the data. The results presented in this paper are an extended version of the preliminary results published in the Financial Cryptography and Data Security Proceedings ( Reuter et al., 2020). To address this question, we have conducted a preliminary usability study that combines an online survey and direct observation of users during user testing of tools for e-mail encryption. Our study paid particular attention to the effectiveness dimension through the assessment of task complexity.
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In this work, we try to identify usability issues that might hinder users from securing their daily e-mail communication using end-to-end encryption.
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Moreover, this study helps to explain why users hesitate to employ encryption technology in their e-mail communication. The findings of this study show that, despite of existing technology, users seldom apply them for securing e-mail communication. This paper presents the results of a usability study focused on three end-to-end encryption technologies for securing e-mail traffic, namely PGP, S/MIME, and Pretty Easy Privacy (pEp). 3I3S, CNRS, Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France.2Université Côte d’Azur, Polytech Nice Sophia, Nice, France.1Department of Informatics, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.Adrian Reuter 1, Ahmed Abdelmaksoud 2, Karima Boudaoud 3* and Marco Winckler 3